SS31 is a novel peptide compound with the sequence D-Arg-Dmt-Lys-Phe-NH2. Its unique structure allows it to easily cross cell membranes and accumulate specifically within mitochondria, the energy-producing centers of the cell.

The primary mechanism of action for SS31 involves its high-affinity binding to cardiolipin, a crucial phospholipid found exclusively in the inner mitochondrial membrane. Cardiolipin helps organize the proteins of the electron transport chain (ETC). By binding to cardiolipin, SS31 stabilizes the membrane, protects it from oxidative damage, and improves the efficiency of the ETC.

This action leads to several key benefits at the cellular level:

• Enhanced ATP Production: Improves mitochondrial respiration and energy synthesis.

• Reduced Oxidative Stress: Scavenges reactive oxygen species (ROS) at their source.

• Membrane Stabilization: Protects the integrity of the mitochondrial cristae.

SS31 is a significant subject of research for its potential therapeutic effects in a wide range of conditions associated with mitochondrial dysfunction, including ischemia-reperfusion injury, cardiovascular diseases, neurodegenerative disorders, and age-related decline.

• CAS Number: 736992-21-5 (for Elamipretide free base)

• Synonyms: Elamipretide, MTP-131, Bendavia

• Molecular Formula: C₃₂H₄₉N₉O₅

• Molecular Weight: 639.80 g/mol

• Form: Lyophilized (freeze-dried) powder